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''Lepiota cristata'', commonly known as the stinking dapperling or the stinking parasol, is an agaric and possibly poisonous mushroom in the family Agaricaceae. A common and widespread species—one of the most widespread fungi in the genus ''Lepiota''—it has been reported from Europe, northern Asia, North America, and New Zealand. It fruits on the ground in disturbed areas, such as lawns, path and road edges, parks, and gardens. The species produces fruit bodies characterized by the flat, reddish-brown concentric scales on the caps, and an unpleasant odour resembling burnt rubber. Similar ''Lepiota'' species can sometimes be distinguished from ''L. cristata'' by differences in cap colour, stipe structure, or odour, although some species can only be reliably distinguished through the use of microscopy. == Taxonomy and naming == ''Lepiota cristata'' was first described as ''Agaricus cristatus'' by the British naturalist James Bolton in his 1788 work ''An History of Fungusses, Growing about Halifax''.〔 The type collection was made from a garden in Warley Town (England) in 1787.〔 This name remained until 1871 when German mycologist Paul Kummer moved the species into the genus ''Lepiota'', where it gained its current name, ''Lepiota cristata''. MycoBank lists several varieties of ''L. cristata''. These are: *''L. cristata'' var. ''adextrinoidea'' E.Valenz. & G.Moreno (1994) *''L. cristata'' var. ''congolensis'' Beeli (1927)〔 *''L. cristata'' var. ''cristata'' P.Kumm.(1871) *''L. cristata'' var. ''exannulata'' Bon (1981)〔 *''L. cristata'' var. ''felinoides'' Bon (1981)〔 *''L. cristata'' var. ''macrospora'' (Zhu L.Yang) J.F.Liang & Zhu L.Yang (2011) 〔 *''L. cristata'' var. ''pallidior'' Boud. ex Bon (1981)〔 *''L. cristata'' var. ''viridispora'' Kyde & J.L.Peterson (1986)〔 ''Lepiota cristata'' var. ''sericea'', described from the Netherlands in 1922, is now considered synonymous with ''Leucoagaricus sericifer''.〔 ''L. cristata'' var. ''exannulata'', ''L. cristata'' var. ''felinoides'' and ''L. cristata'' var. ''pallidior'' may be of an uncertain taxonomic status, as despite being listed as varieties of ''L. cristata'' the same databases also include these three taxa as synonyms of ''L. cristata.'' ''Lepiota castaneidisca'' was once considered a synonym of ''L. cristata'' until molecular analysis showed it to be a distinct species.〔 The specific epithet ''cristata'' means "crested".〔 Vernacular names for the mushroom include "malodorous lepiota",〔 ""brown-eyed parasol",〔 the "burnt-rubber lepiota",〔 and the "stinking dappling".〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Lepiota cristata」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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